A suction catheter is a flexible tube that must be connected to a suction device in order to remove secretions such as mucus or saliva from the oral cavity, the pharynx, or an endotracheal tube. This procedure helps maintain a clear airway and prevent respiratory complications, especially in patients who are unable to effectively clear their own secretions.
Suction catheters come in both straight and curved types. Each type is available in various lengths to suit different clinical needs. In addition, suction catheters vary in gauge . The appropriate gauge must be selected according to the internal diameter of the patient’s endotracheal tube, ensuring that the catheter is small enough to pass through without causing trauma, but large enough to effectively remove secretions.
During suctioning, it is essential to limit each suction attempt to less than 10 seconds. This is because suctioning not only removes mucus, but also removes air from the lungs, which can quickly reduce oxygen levels. Between each suction attempt, allow the patient—especially children—to rest and recover to maintain adequate oxygenation. Monitoring the patient’s oxygen saturation and overall condition during the procedure is highly recommended.
Proper use of a suction catheter requires selecting the correct type and size, and applying safe techniques to avoid complications. Following these guidelines helps keep the patient’s airway clear while minimizing discomfort and the risk of hypoxia.
